Epidemiological characteristics of patients from fever clinics during the COVID-19 epidemic in 2022 in Shanghai, China.

An outbreak of COVID-19 in Shanghai, China, in March 2022 was caused by the Omicron variant. The epidemic lasted for more than 3 months, and the cumulative number of infected people reached 626,000. We investigated the impact of clinical factors on disease outcomes in patients with COVID-19. Using a case-control study design, we examined cases from fever clinics with confirmed Omicron variant infection, analyzed their population and laboratory diagnostic characteristics, and provided theoretical support for subsequent epidemic prevention and control. Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with infection with the Omicron variant. The results of this study show that the COVID-19 vaccine can protect against infection with the Omicron variant, and more than 50% of infected people had not been vaccinated. Compared with the epidemic in Wuhan 2 years ago, most of the patients in the hospital in the Shanghai epidemic had underlying diseases (P = 0.006). A comparison of patients infected with the Omicron variant in Shanghai and patients with other respiratory tract infections showed no significant difference in the levels of neutrophils, lymphocytes, eosinophils, white blood cells, hemoglobin, or platelets (P > 0.05). People over 60 years old and those with underlying diseases were at risk for pneumonia (OR = 14.62 (5.49-38.92), P < 0.001; OR = 5.29 (2.58-10.85), P < 0.001, respectively), but vaccination was a protective factor (OR = 0.24 (0.12-0.49), P < 0.001). In summary, vaccination has a potential effect on infection with Omicron variant strains and provides protection against pneumonia. The severity of illness caused by the Omicron variant in 2022 was significantly lower than that of the original SARS-CoV-2 variant from two years previously.

Two cases of intestinal perforation due to mesenteric artery embolism during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and intra-aortic balloon pumping.

The patient in case 1 was a 50-year-old man who presented to the emergency department of the local hospital with chest pain and syncope for 3 hours due to acute myocardial infarction. He underwent cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) followed by extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), and intestinal perforation was detected on day 9. The patient in case 2 was a 58-year-old man who was admitted to the hospital with abdominal pain lasting for 3 days. He also required CPR and ECMO for cardiogenic shock, and intestinal perforation was identified on day 7 of ECMO. We believe that this case report will be important to alert clinicians to the possibility of this complication and to encourage early detection and intervention to improve prognosis. Conventionally, the gastrointestinal tract has received secondary attention in patients receiving ECMO support because the vital organs tend to be considered first. However, this case report illustrates the importance of monitoring gastrointestinal function in patients undergoing ECMO.

Study on an SIHRS Model of COVID-19 Pandemic With Impulse and Time Delay Under Media Coverage.

Media coverage plays an important role in prevention and control the spread of COVID-19 during the pandemic. In this paper, an SIHRS model of COVID-19 pandemic with impulse and time delay under media coverage is established. The positive and negative emotions of public are considered by the impact of confirmed cases and medical resources. In order to restrain the negative information of public, the factor of policies and regulations with impulse and time delay is introduced. Furthermore, the system model is simulated and verified by the reported data of COVID-19 pandemic in Wuhan. The main results are as follows: (1) When the implementation rate of the negative information generated by the confirmed cases gradually reduced to 0.4 times, the cumulative confirmed cases will be significantly reduced to about 37000, indicating that the popularization of pandemic related media information should be broad; (2) When the implementation rate affected by the amount of policies and regulations information gradually increases to 3 times, the cumulative confirmed cases will be significantly reduced to about 28000, indicating that the policies and regulations information should be continuously and incrementally reported; (3) When the inhibition rate of policies and regulation information on negative information gradually increases to 3 times, the cumulative confirmed cases will also be significantly reduced to about 27000 cases, indicating that the targeted policies and regulations information has a significant impact on inhibiting the corresponding negative emotions.

Long-term positive severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ribonucleic acid and therapeutic effect of antivirals in patients with coronavirus disease: Case reports

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has been declared a pandemic. We herein report four COVID-19 cases with long-term positive viral ribonucleic acid (RNA) for about 61 days. Despite treatment with recombinant human interferon, convalescent plasma from COVID-19 patients, arbidol, etc., nucleic acid results were still positive for SARS-CoV-2. After treatment with ritonavir-boosted danoprevir (DNVr, 100/100 mg, once daily), all four patients showed two to three consecutive negative SARS-CoV-2 RNA and were thus discharged from hospital. Therefore, DNVr may be a potentially effective antiviral for COVID-19 patients with long-term positive SARS-CoV-2 RNA.

Long-term positive severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ribonucleic acid and therapeutic effect of antivirals in patients with coronavirus disease: Case reports.

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has been declared a pandemic. We herein report four COVID-19 cases with long-term positive viral ribonucleic acid (RNA) for about 61 days. Despite treatment with recombinant human interferon, convalescent plasma from COVID-19 patients, arbidol, etc., nucleic acid results were still positive for SARS-CoV-2. After treatment with ritonavir-boosted danoprevir (DNVr, 100/100 mg, once daily), all four patients showed two to three consecutive negative SARS-CoV-2 RNA and were thus discharged from hospital. Therefore, DNVr may be a potentially effective antiviral for COVID-19 patients with long-term positive SARS-CoV-2 RNA.